Re: Empty TD element wording

From: William Pence <pence-at-milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 2006 13:44:30 -0400


Clive Page wrote:
> On Wed, 21 Jun 2006, Mark Taylor wrote:
>
>> I can see that this can be justified in theoretical terms, but I must
>> admit I've never thought much about the distinction and any software
>> I've written has got on fine by using NaN (or a magic integer value)
>> to cover both undefined and numerically indefinite. FITS BINTABLE
>> and IMAGE seem to have managed without the distinction as well.
>> Are there really compelling scenarios for this requirement?
>
> In the world of relational databases there have long been disputes over
> how many different types of null should be supported. Since the
> set-theory basis of RDBMS actually becomes inconsistent in the face of
> even one type of null, there are many who think that they are all evil.
>
> In practice, as Mark said astronomers have long managed with just one
> type of null in FITS files. Once the idea of having more than one type
> of null gets around it will be very hard to get agreement on where to
> stop, and I have seen little evidence of need for more than one. I
> think it would be more productive to work on a standard way of
> expressing the notion of upper (or lower) limits - something which is so
> far missing from most astronomical formats.
>

It is perhaps worth mentioning that FITS allows all the IEEE special values in 32-bit and 64-bit floating point data. There are more than 16 million different 32-bit NaN values (if I calculated correctly) and a vastly larger number of 64-bit NaN values. In principle, FITS software could use different NaN values for different purposes, but as far as I know this has never been done. FITS also supports the IEEE special values for positive and negative versions of denormalized numbers, underflow, overflow, and infinity, but in practice I don't think that these have ever been deliberately used in FITS files. A chart of all these special values can be
seen in appendix H of the FITS Standard
(http://archive.stsci.edu/fits/fits_standard/node95.html

Bill Pence

-- 
____________________________________________________________________
Dr. William Pence                       pence-at-milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov
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Received on 2006-06-22Z09:18:28